% \iffalse meta-comment
%
% aramaic.dtx
%
%  Author: Peter Wilson (Herries Press) herries dot press at earthlink dot net
%  Copyright 1999--2005 Peter R. Wilson
%
%  This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
%  conditions of the Latex Project Public License, either
%  version 1.3 of this license or (at your option) any
%  later version.
%  The latest version of the license is in
%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
%  and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of
%  LaTeX version 2003/06/01 or later.
%
%  This work has the LPPL maintenance status "author-maintained".
%
%  This work consists of the files listed in the README file.
%
%
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%
% \changes{v1.0}{1999/03/14}{First public release}
% \changes{v1.1}{2000/09/30}{Minor changes to glyph encodings}
% \changes{v1.2}{2005/06/14}{Added Type1 map file}
%
% \def\fileversion{v1.0} \def\filedate{1999/03/14}
% \def\fileversion{v1.1} \def\filedate{2000/09/30}
% \def\fileversion{v1.2} \def\filedate{2005/06/14}
% \newcommand*{\Lpack}[1]{\textsf {#1}}           ^^A typeset a package
% \newcommand*{\Lopt}[1]{\textsf {#1}}            ^^A typeset an option
% \newcommand*{\file}[1]{\texttt {#1}}            ^^A typeset a file
% \newcommand*{\Lcount}[1]{\textsl {\small#1}}    ^^A typeset a counter
% \newcommand*{\pstyle}[1]{\textsl {#1}}          ^^A typeset a pagestyle
% \newcommand*{\Lenv}[1]{\texttt {#1}}            ^^A typeset an environment
% \newcommand{\BC}{\textsc{bc}}
% \newcommand{\AD}{\textsc{ad}}
% \newcommand{\thisfont}{Aramaic}
%
% \title{The \Lpack{Aramaic} fonts\thanks{This
%        file has version number \fileversion, last revised
%        \filedate.}}
%
% \author{%
% Peter Wilson\thanks{\texttt{herries dor press at earthlink dot net}}\\
% Herries Press }
% \date{\filedate}
% \maketitle
% \begin{abstract}
%    The \Lpack{aramaic} bundle provides a set of fonts for the 
% Aramaic script which was used between about the tenth and second
% centuries~\BC{} in the Middle East.
% \end{abstract}
% \tableofcontents
%
% 
%
% \section{Introduction}
%
% The Phoenician alphabet and characters is a direct ancestor of our modern day
% Latin alphabet and fonts. 
% The font presented here is one of a series of fonts intended to show how
% the modern Latin alphabet has evolved from its original Phoenician form
% to its present day appearance.
% 
% This manual is typeset according to the conventions of the
% \LaTeX{} \textsc{docstrip} utility which enables the automatic
% extraction of the \LaTeX{} macro source files~\cite{COMPANION}.
%
%    Section~\ref{sec:usc} describes the usage of the package.
% Commented code for the fonts and source code for the package is in later sections.
%
% \subsection{An alphabetic tree}
%
%    Scholars are reasonably agreed that all the world's alphabets are descended
% from a Semitic alphabet invented about 1600~\BC{} in the Middle 
% East~\cite{DRUCKER95}. The word `Semitic' refers
% to the family of languages used in the geographical area from
% Sinai in the south, up the Mediterranean coast to Asia Minor in the north and
% west to the valley of the Euphrates.
%
%    The Phoenician alphabet was stable by about 1100~\BC{} and the script was
% written right to left. In earlier times the writing direction was variable, 
% and so were
% the shapes and orientation of the characters. The alphabet consisted of
% 22 letters and they were named after things. For example, their first two 
% letters were called \textit{aleph} (ox), and \textit{beth} (house). 
% The Phoenician script had
% only one case --- unlike our modern fonts which have both upper- and 
% lower-cases. In modern terms the Phoenician abecedary was: \\
% A B G D E Y Z H $\Theta$ I K L M N X O P ts Q R S T \\
% where the `Y' (\textit{vau}) character was sometimes written as `F', and
% `ts' stands for the \textit{tsade} character.
%
%    The Greek alphabet is one of the descendants of the Phoenician alphabet;
% another was Aramaic which is the ancestor of the Arabic, Persian and Indian 
% scripts.
% Initially Greek was written right to left but around the 6th C~\BC{} became 
% \textit{boustrophedron}, meaning that the lines 
% alternated in direction. At about 500~\BC{} the writing direction stabilised 
% as left to 
% right. The Greeks modified the Phoenician alphabet to match the vocalisation
% of their language. They kept the Phoenician names of the letters, suitably
% `greekified', so \textit{aleph} became the familar \textit{alpha} and 
% \textit{beth} became \textit{beta}. At this
% point the names of the letters had no meaning. Their were several variants
% of the Greek character glyphs until they were finally fixed in Athens in
% 403~\BC.
% The Greeks did not develop a lower-case 
% script until about 600--700~\AD.
%
%    The Etruscans based their alphabet on the Greek one, and again modified it.
% However, the Etruscans wrote right to left, so their borrowed characters are 
% mirror images of the original Greek ones. Like the Phoenicians, the Etruscan
% script consisted of only one case; they died out before ever needing a
% lower-case script. The Etruscan script was used up until the first century 
% \AD, even though the Etruscans themselves had dissapeared by that time.
% 
%
%    In turn, the Romans based their alphabet on the Etruscan one, but as they 
% wrote left to right, the characters were again mirrored (although the early
% Roman inscriptions are boustrophedron). 
%
%    As the English alphabet is descended from the Roman alphabet
% it has a pedigree of some three and a half thousand years.
%
% \section{The \Lpack{aramaic} package} \label{sec:usc}
%
%    The \thisfont{} script is an early offshoot from the Phoenician
% script, eventually leading to the Arabic and square Jewish scripts.
% It was used between about the tenth and second centuries~\BC{}
% in the Middle East. The version presented is typical of about the
% middle of its life.
%
%    The alphabet consisted of 22 characters.
%    Table~\ref{tab} lists, in the \thisfont{} alphabetical order, the
% transliterated value of the characters and, where I know it, the
% modern name of the character.
%
% \begin{table}
% \centering
% \caption{The \thisfont{} script and alphabet}\label{tab}
% \begin{tabular}{clcll} \hline
% Value & Name? & ASCII & Command & Command \\ \hline
% \textit{a} &
% aleph &
% ' a & |\Arq| |\Aa| &
% |\Aaleph| 
% \\
% \textit{b} &
% beth &
% b & |\Ab| &
% |\Abeth|
% \\
% \textit{g} &
% gimel &
% g & |\Ag| &
% |\Agimel|
% \\
% \textit{d} &
% daleth &
% d & |\Ad| &
% |\Adaleth|
% \\
% \textit{h} &
% he &
% h & |\Ah| &
% |\Ahe|
% \\
% \textit{w} &
% vav &
% w & |\Aw| &
% |\Avav|
% \\
% \textit{z} &
% zayin &
% z & |\Az| &
% |\Azayin|
% \\
% \textit{\d{h}} &
% heth &
% H & |\Ahd| &
% |\Aheth|
% \\
% \textit{\d{t}} &
% teth &
% T & |\Atd| &
% |\Ateth|
% \\
% \textit{y} &
% yod &
% y & |\Ay| &
% |\Ayod|
% \\
% \textit{k} &
% kaph &
% k & |\Ak| &
% |\Akaph|
% \\
% \textit{l} &
% lamed &
% l & |\Al| &
% |\Alamed|
% \\
% \textit{m} &
% mem &
% m & |\Am| &
% |\Amem|
% \\
% \textit{n} &
% nun &
% n & |\An| &
% |\Anun|
% \\
% \textit{s} &
% samekh &
% s & |\As| &
% |\Asamekh|
% \\
% \textit{`} &
% ayin &
% ` o & |\Alq| |\Ao| &
% |\Aayin|
% \\
% \textit{p} &
% pe &
% p & |\Ap| &
% |\Ape|
% \\
% \textit{\d{s}} &
% sade &
% x & |\Asd| &
% |\Asade|
% \\
% \textit{q} &
% qoph &
% q & |\Aq| &
% |\Aqoph|
% \\
% \textit{r} &
% resh &
% r & |\Ar| &
% |\Aresh|
% \\
% \textit{\v{s}} &
% shin &
% S & |\Asv| &
% |\Ashin|
% \\
% \textit{t} &
% tav &
% t & |\At| &
% |\Atav|
% \\
% \hline
% \end{tabular}
% \end{table}
%
%
%
% \DescribeMacro{\aramfamily}
%    This command selects the \thisfont{} font family. The family name is |aram|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\textaram}
% The command |\textaram{|\meta{text}|}| typesets \meta{text} in the
% \thisfont{} font.
%
%    I have provided three ways of accessing the \thisfont{} glyphs: 
% (a) by ASCII characters,
% (b) by commands whose names are based on the transliterated values, and
% (c) by commands whose names are based on the (modern) name of the
%     character.
% These are shown in Table~\ref{tab}.
%
%
% \DescribeMacro{\translitaram}
% The command |\translitaram{|\meta{commands}|}| will typeset the
% transliteration of the \thisfont{} character commands (those in the
% last two columns of Table~\ref{tab}).
%
% \DescribeMacro{\translitaramfont}
%   The font used for the transliteration is defined by this macro,
% which is initialsed to an italic font (i.e., |\itshape|).
%     
% \StopEventually{
% \bibliographystyle{alpha}
% \begin{thebibliography}{GMS94}
%
% \bibitem[Dav97]{DAVIES97}
% W. V. Davies.
% \newblock \emph{Reading the Past: Egyptian Hieroglyphs}.
% \newblock University of California Press/British Museum, 1997.
% \newblock (ISBN 0-520-06287-6)
%
% \bibitem[Dru95]{DRUCKER95}
% Johanna Drucker.
% \newblock \emph{The Alphabetic Labyrinth}.
% \newblock Thames and Hudson, 1995.
%
% \bibitem[Fir93]{FIRMAGE93}
% Richard A.~Firmage.
% \newblock \emph{The Alphabet Abecedarium}.
% \newblock David R.~Goodine, 1993.
%
% \bibitem[MG04]{COMPANION}
% Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens.
% \newblock \emph{The LaTeX Companion}.
% \newblock Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, second edition, 2004.
%
% \bibitem[Hea90]{HEALEY90}
% John F.~Healey.
% \newblock \emph{Reading the Past: The Early Alphabet}.
% \newblock University of California Press/British Museum, 1990.
% \newblock (ISBN 0-520-07309-6)
%
% \end{thebibliography}
% \PrintIndex
% }
%
%
% \section{The Metafont code} \label{sec:mf}
%
% \subsection{The parameter file}
%
%    We deal with the parameter file first, and start by announcing
% what it is for.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*up>
%%% ARAM10.MF  Computer Aramaic font 10 point design size.

%    \end{macrocode}
%    Specify the font size.
%    \begin{macrocode}

font_identifier:="aramaic"; font_size 10pt#;

%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{u} 
% \begin{macro}{ht} 
% \begin{macro}{s} 
% \begin{macro}{o} 
% \begin{macro}{px} 
% \begin{macro}{font-normal-space} 
% \begin{macro}{font-normal-shrink} 
% \begin{macro}{font-x-height} 
% \begin{macro}{font-quad}
%    Define the very simple font parameters.
%    \begin{macrocode}
u#:=.2pt#;      % unit width
ht#:=7pt#;      % height of characters (CM cap-height is approx 6.8pt)
s#:=1.5pt#;                % width correction (right and left)
o#:=1/20pt#;               % overshoot
px#:=.6pt#;                % horizontal width of pen
font_normal_space:=7pt#;   % width of a blank space
font_normal_shrink:=.9pt#; % width correction for blank space
font_x_height:=4.5pt#;     % height of one ex
font_quad:=10pt#;          % an em

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
%    For a full font, normally the driver file would be called
% here. In this case I have embedded it.
%    \begin{macrocode} 

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% end of parameters
% start of driver code
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \subsection{The driver file}
%
%    If there was a seperate driver file, this would be its contents.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}

font_coding_scheme:="Aramaic glyphs";
mode_setup;

%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{ho}
% \begin{macro}{leftloc}
% \begin{macro}{py}
%  Perform additional setup.
%    \begin{macrocode}
ho#:=o#;                   % horizontal overshoot
leftloc#:=s#;              % leftmost xcoord of character
py#:=.8px#;                % vertical thickness of the pen

define_pixels(s,u);
define_blacker_pixels(px,py);
define_good_x_pixels(leftloc);
define_corrected_pixels(o);             % turn on overshoot correction
define_horizontal_corrected_pixels(ho);  

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{midloc}
% \begin{macro}{rightloc}
%    Variables for the middle xcoord and rightmost xcoord of a character.
%    \begin{macrocode}
numeric midloc, rightloc;
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{stylus}
%    Define the pen.
%    \begin{macrocode}
pickup pencircle xscaled px yscaled py;
stylus:=savepen;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{beginglyph}
%    A macro to save some typing of beginchar arguments.
%    \begin{macrocode}
def beginglyph(expr code, unit_width) =
  beginchar(code, unit_width*ht#+2s#, ht#, 0);
  midloc:=1/2w; rightloc:=(w-s);
  pickup stylus enddef;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{cmchar}
%    |cmchar| should precede each character
%    \begin{macrocode}
let cmchar=\;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
newinternal defaultsmoothrad;
numeric smoothrad, defaultsmoothrad;
defaultsmoothrad := 2px;
smoothrad := 2px;

tertiarydef p ~ q =
  begingroup
  c_ := fullcircle scaled 2smoothrad shifted point 0 of q;
  a_ := ypart(c_ intersectiontimes p);
  b_ := ypart(c_ intersectiontimes q);
  if a_ < 0: point 0 of p{direction 0 of p} else: subpath(0,a_) of p fi
     ... if b_ < 0: {direction infinity of q}point infinity of q
         else: subpath(b_,infinity) of q fi
  endgroup
enddef;

def smoothly(text t) =
  hide(n_:=0; for z=t: z_[incr n_]:= z; endfor)
  (z_1 for k=2 upto n_-1: --z_[k]) ~ (z_[k] endfor --z_[n_])
enddef;

%    \end{macrocode}
% 
%    That would be the end of a seperate drive file, except for calling
% the glyph code file.
%
% \subsection{The glyph code}
%
%    The following code generates the glyphs for the Aramaic font. 
% The characters
% are defined in the Phoenician alphabetic ordering.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% end of driver code
% start of glyph code
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{'}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{aleph}. Like an X.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter aleph (coded as ')";
beginglyph("'",1.0);
numeric n[];
n1 := rightloc-leftloc;  % glyph width
z1=(leftloc,0); z2=(rightloc,h);
z3=(midloc,h/2);
draw z1{dir(45)}..z3{right}..{up}z2;
z11=(1/4[leftloc,rightloc],h); z12=(rightloc,0);
draw z11--z12;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,11,12);
endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{a}
% The \thisfont{}letter \textit{aleph}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter aleph (coded as a)";
beginglyph("a",1.0);
numeric n[];
n1 := rightloc-leftloc;  % glyph width
z1=(leftloc,0); z2=(rightloc,h);
z3=(midloc,h/2);
draw z1{dir(45)}..z3{right}..{up}z2;
z11=(1/4[leftloc,rightloc],h); z12=(rightloc,0);
draw z11--z12;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,11,12);
endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{b}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{bet}. Like a lowercase y.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter bet (coded as b)";
beginglyph("b",0.8);
z1=(1/4[leftloc,rightloc],h);
z2=(x1,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,y2);
z5=(leftloc,0);
%%draw z1--z2--z3;
draw smoothly(z1, z2, z3);
draw z3{dir(-120)}..{left}z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{g}
%    The \thisfont{} letter \textit{gimel}. Like a stick bent into 
%an upside down V.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter gimel (coded as g)";
beginglyph("g", 0.7);
z1=(leftloc, 1/3h);
z2=(rightloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,0);
%%draw z1--z2--z3;
draw smoothly(z1, z2, z3);
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{d}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{dalet}. More y-like than bet.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter dalet (coded as d)";
beginglyph("d",0.6);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(x1,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,h);
z4=(rightloc,0);
draw z1{down}..{up}z3;
draw z3--z4;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{h}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{he}. Like a lowercase n.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter he (coded as h)";
beginglyph("h",0.8);
z1=(leftloc,2/3h);
z2=(rightloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,0);
z11=1/2[z1,z2];
z12=(x11,1/2y1);
draw smoothly(z1, z2, z3);
draw z11--z12;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{w}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{vav}. Slightly bent stick.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter vav (coded as w)";
beginglyph("w",0.4);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(rightloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,0);
draw z1{dir(-45)}..{down}z3;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{z}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{zayin}. Short vertical line.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter zayin (coded as z)";
beginglyph("z",0.2);
z1=(midloc,3/4h);
z2=(midloc,1/4h);
draw z1--z2;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{H}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{het} (h sub dot). 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter het (h sub dot?) (coded as H)";
beginglyph("H", 0.7);
z1=(leftloc,0); z2=(leftloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,0); z4=(rightloc,h);
z5=7/8[z1,z2];
draw z1--z2;
draw smoothly(z5, z4, z3);
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
%
% \begin{macro}{T}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{tet} (t sub dot). Like the numeral 6.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter tet (t sub dot) (coded as T)";
beginglyph("T",0.6);
path pth[];
z1=(1/3[leftloc,rightloc], h);
z2=(leftloc, 3/8h);
z4=(rightloc,0);
z5=(rightloc, 7/12h);
pth1 := z1..z2{down}..{right}z4;
z6 = point 1.3 of pth1;
pth2 := pth1 & z4--z5--z6;
draw pth1;
draw smoothly(z4, z5, z6);
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{y}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{yod}. Like a circumflex accent.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter yod (coded as y)";
beginglyph("y",0.2);
z1=(leftloc, 6/8h);
z2=(midloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,y1);
draw z1--z2--z3;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{k}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{kaf}. 
% More upright and stiffer version of \textit{bet}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter kaf (coded as k)";
beginglyph("k",0.6);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(x1,7/8y1);
z3=(rightloc,y1);
z5=(3/4[x1,x3],0);
draw z1--z2;
draw smoothly(z2, z3, z5);
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{l}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{lamed}. 
% Like a handwritten l.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter lamed (coded as l)";
beginglyph("l",0.5);
z1=(midloc,h);
z2=(leftloc, 1/4h);
z3=(midloc,0);
z4=(rightloc,1/2y2);
draw z1--z2{down}..{right}z3..z4;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{m}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{mem}. 
% Like \textit{bet} with a line through the top bar.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar"Aramaic letter mem (coded as m)";
beginglyph("m",0.8);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(x1,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,y2);
z5=(leftloc,0);
draw smoothly(z1, z2, z3, z5);
z11=(1/2[x2,x3],y1);
z12 = z11 shifted (3/2(y1-y2)*down);
draw z11--z12;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,11,12); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{n}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{nun}.
% Like a very thin \textit{bet}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter nun (coded as n)";
beginglyph("n",0.3);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(x1,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,y2);
z5=(leftloc,0);
draw smoothly(z1, z2, z3, z5);
labels(1,2,3,4,5,11,12); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{s}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{samekh}. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter samekh (coded as s)";
beginglyph("s", 0.6);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(x1,2/3h);
z3=(rightloc,y2);
z5=(rightloc,0);
z4=1/2[z1,z3];
draw z1{right}..z4{down}..{left}z2;
draw smoothly(z2, z3, z5);
labels(1,2,3,4,5,11,12); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{`}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{ayin}.
% Like a U.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter ayin (coded as `)";
beginglyph("`",0.6);
z1=(leftloc,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,y1);
z2=(1/2[x1,x3], (h-y1));
draw z1{down}..z2{right}..{up}z3;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{o}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{ayin}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter ayin (coded as o)";
beginglyph("o",0.6);
z1=(leftloc,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,y1);
z2=(1/2[x1,x3], (h-y1));
draw z1{down}..z2{right}..{up}z3;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{p}
%    The \thisfont{} letter \textit{pe}.
% Looks like an ear.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter pe (coded as p)";
beginglyph("p", 0.6);
z1=(leftloc,7/8h);
z2=(midloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,6/8h);
z5=(leftloc,0);
draw z1..z2{right}..z3{down}..z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{x}
%    The \thisfont{} letter \textit{tsadi}.
% Like a P sloping slightly forwards.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter tsadi (S sub dot) (coded as x)";
beginglyph("x", 0.6);
z1=(1/8[leftloc,rightloc], h);
z2=(leftloc,0);
z3=7/8[z2,z1];
z4=(1/2[x1,rightloc], h);
z6=(1/2[x3,x4],5/8h);
z5=(rightloc, 2/3[y6,y4]);
draw z1--z2;
draw z3...z4...z5{down}...z6;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{q}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{qof}.
% Like a P sloping slightly backwards.
%    \begin{macrocode}

cmchar "Aramaic letter qof (coded as q)";
beginglyph("q", 0.7);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z3=(rightloc,13/16h);
z2=(1/8[x1,x3], y1);
z4=(1/2[x2,x3], 9/16h);
z11=z2;
z12=(2/8[x11,rightloc], 0);
draw z1--z2{right}..z3{down}..{left}z4;
draw z11--z12;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,11,12); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
%
% \begin{macro}{r}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{resh}.
% Practically identical to \textit{dalet}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter resh (coded as r)";
beginglyph("r",0.6);
z1=(leftloc,h);
z2=(x1,3/4h);
z3=(rightloc,h);
z4=(rightloc,0);
draw z1{down}..{up}z3;
draw z3--z4;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{S}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{shin} (s sup v). 
% Like a rounded E partly lying on its back.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter shin (s sup v) (coded as S)";
beginglyph("S", 0.8);
path pth[];
z1=(leftloc,h);
z4=(rightloc,1/2h);
z3=(2/3[x1,x4], 0);
pth1 := z1{down}..z3{right}..{up}z4;
z2= point 0.5 of pth1;
z12=(1/2[x3,x4], 1/2[y4,y1]);
draw z2--z12;
draw pth1;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,11,12); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{t}
% The \thisfont{} letter \textit{tav}.
% Like my handwritten lowercase p.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Aramaic letter tav (coded as t)";
beginglyph("t", 1.0);
path pth[];
z1=(midloc,h);
z3=(leftloc,0);
z2=(1/2[x3,x1], 1/8[y3,y1]);
z11=5/8[z2,z1];
z12=(1/2[x1,rightloc],h);
z13=(rightloc,y11);
z14=(x12,1/2[y2,y11]);
draw smoothly(z1, z2, z3);
draw z11...z12{right}...z13{down}...z14;
labels(1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14); endchar;
 
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
%  The end of the glyphs.
%
%    \begin{macrocode} 

end

%</up> 
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
%
% \section{The font definition files} \label{sec:fd}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*fdot1>
\DeclareFontFamily{OT1}{aram}{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{aram}{m}{n}{ <-> aram10 }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{aram}{bx}{n}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{aram}{b}{n}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{aram}{m}{sl}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{aram}{m}{it}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
%</fdot1>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*fdt1>
\DeclareFontFamily{T1}{aram}{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{aram}{m}{n}{ <-> aram10 }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{aram}{bx}{n}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{aram}{b}{n}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{aram}{m}{sl}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{aram}{m}{it}{ <-> sub aram/m/n }{}
%</fdt1>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \section{The \Lpack{aramaic} package code} \label{sec:code}
%
%    Announce the name and version of the package, which requires
% \LaTeXe{}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*usc>
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{aramaic}[2000/09/30 v1.0 package for Aramaic fonts]
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{\aramfamily}
%    Selects the font family in the T1 encoding.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\aramfamily}{\usefont{T1}{aram}{m}{n}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\textaram}
%    Text command for the font family.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareTextFontCommand{\textaram}{\aramfamily}

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% The commands for the signs.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\chardef\Arq=`'    \chardef\Aa=`a        \chardef\Aaleph=`'
\chardef\Ab=`b     \chardef\Abeth=`b
\chardef\Ag=`g     \chardef\Agimel=`g
\chardef\Ad=`d     \chardef\Adaleth=`d
\chardef\Ah=`h     \chardef\Ahe=`h
\chardef\Aw=`w     \chardef\Avav=`w
\chardef\Az=`z     \chardef\Azayin=`z
\chardef\Ahd=`H    \chardef\Aheth=`H
\chardef\Atd=`T    \chardef\Ateth=`T
\chardef\Ay=`y     \chardef\Ayod=`y
\chardef\Ak=`k     \chardef\Akaph=`k
\chardef\Al=`l     \chardef\Alamed=`l
\chardef\Am=`m     \chardef\Amem=`m
\chardef\An=`n     \chardef\Anun=`n
\chardef\As=`s     \chardef\Asamekh=`s
\chardef\Alq=``    \chardef\Ao=`o        \chardef\Aayin=``
\chardef\Ap=`p     \chardef\Ape=`p
\chardef\Asd=`x    \chardef\Asade=`x
\chardef\Aq=`q     \chardef\Aqoph=`q
\chardef\Ar=`r     \chardef\Aresh=`r
\chardef\Asv=`S    \chardef\Ashin=`S
\chardef\At=`t     \chardef\Atav=`t

%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\translitaram}
% \begin{macro}{\transliaramfont}
%  |\translitaram{|\meta{commands}|}| transliterates
% \meta{commands} using the |\translitaram| font. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\translitaram}[1]{{%
  \@translitA\translitaramfont #1}}
\newcommand{\translitaramfont}{\itshape}

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@translitA}
%  This macro redefines all the character commands to produce
% the transliterated value instead of the glyph. There must be no
% spaces in the definition.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\@translitA}{%
\def\Arq{'}\def\Aa{\Arq}\def\Aaleph{\A}%
\def\Ab{b}\def\Abeth{\Ab}%
\def\Ag{g}\def\Agimel{\Ag}%
\def\Ad{d}\def\Adaleth{\Ad}%
\def\Ah{h}\def\Ahe{\Ah}%
\def\Aw{w}\def\Avav{\Aw}%
\def\Az{z}\def\Azayin{\Az}%
\def\Ahd{\d{h}}\def\Aheth{\Ahd}%
\def\Atd{\d{t}}\def\Ateth{\Atd}%
\def\Ay{y}\def\Ayod{\Ay}%
\def\Ak{k}\def\Akaph{\Ak}%
\def\Al{l}\def\Alamed{\Al}%
\def\Am{m}\def\Amem{\Am}%
\def\An{n}\def\Anun{\An}%
\def\As{s}\def\Asamekh{\As}%
\def\Alq{`}\def\Ao{\Alq}\def\Aayin{\Alq}%
\def\Ap{p}\def\Ape{\Ap}%
\def\Asd{\d{s}}\def\Asade{\Asd}%
\def\Aq{q}\def\Aqoph{\Aq}%
\def\Ar{r}\def\Aresh{\Ar}%
\def\Asv{\v{s}}\def\Ashin{\Asv}%
\def\At{t}\def\Atav{\At}%
}

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
%
%    The end of this package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</usc>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \section{The map file}
%
% This is pretty short.
% \changes{v1.2}{2005/06/13}{Added the map file}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*map>
aram10    Archaic-Aramaic    <aram10.pfb
%</map>
%   \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \Finale
% \PrintIndex
%
\endinput

%% \CharacterTable
%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}